Fluorescent sensors for neuronal signaling.

Dissecting neuronal structure and function in relation to behavior is an immense undertaking. Researchers require imaging tools to study neuronal activity and biochemical signaling in situ in order to study the roles of neuronal and biochemical activity in information processing. A large number of genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors have been reported in the literature over the past few years as there is a push to develop new technology in neuroscience. Here, we review the classes and characteristics of fluorescent biosensors and highlight some considerations that investigators should keep in mind when choosing their tool. In addition, we discuss recent advances in biosensor development.