传感器类型
电化学生物传感器
检测对象
过氧化氢(H2O2),样品基质:0.1 M PBS(pH 7.0)缓冲液
检测原理
Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线修饰在玻璃碳电极上,Sb掺杂提高纳米线载流子浓度和导电性,为HRP提供生物相容微环境并促进血红素中心与电极间的直接电子转移。在-0.3 V下,H2O2进入HRP活性中心并被催化还原,电子从HRP经Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线传至GC电极,再经外电路形成还原电流。H2O2浓度升高时,酶催化还原速率增加,安培电流随之增大,在10–450 μM范围内呈线性。该体系无需外加电子介质,信号放大主要来自掺杂纳米线增强电子传输和HRP高电活性。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 0.8 μM (S/N = 3);线性范围: 10–450 μM;R = 0.994;灵敏度: 100 mA M−1 cm−2;Km: 0.76 mM
效应效果
该传感器在50 μM H2O2中10次连续安培测量RSD为3.63%,低于裸GC(4.2%)和未掺杂SnO2纳米线(3.8%);响应时间约5 s达到稳态电流的95%。稳定性方面,4℃保存10 d后保留95.3%初始信号,1个月后保留89%,优于裸HRP/GC(10 d保留55%),与未掺杂SnO2纳米线(10 d保留90%)相当。与未掺杂体系相比,Sb掺杂电极的电流响应和校准曲线斜率更大,表明灵敏度更高。论文未报告选择性、抗干扰或实际样品回收率,但作者认为其低检出限、宽线性范围、快响应和长稳定性适合H2O2检测及无介质酶生物传感器研究。
传感器的构成
- 基底/换能器电极:玻璃碳电极(GC),经1.0、0.3、0.05 μm氧化铝抛光,提供电子传导基底
- 纳米材料修饰层:Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线(Sb-doped SnO2 NWs),铸造法沉积,增强导电性并固定HRP
- 识别元件:辣根过氧化物酶(HRP),与纳米线混合固定,催化H2O2还原并实现直接电子转移
中文摘要
本研究通过热蒸发法合成Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线,并利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、电流-电压测试和电化学阻抗谱对其结构、形貌和电学行为进行表征。作者以Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线作为固定化基质,构建了无介质辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)过氧化氢(H2O2)生物传感器。与未掺杂SnO2纳米线相比,Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线表现出更优异的酶电子转移性能和更高的H2O2电活性。所构建的生物传感器具有高灵敏度、宽线性范围和长期稳定性,这些优点可归因于Sb掺杂提高的载流子密度以及Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线提供的生物相容微环境。该研究证明Sb掺杂SnO2纳米线是构建无介质生物传感器的有前景平台,并为纳米科学和纳米器件研究提供了新的基础认识。
英文摘要
Sb-doped SnO(2) nanowires were synthesized via thermal evaporation. Scanning electron microscopic, transmission electron microscopic, X-ray diffraction, current-voltage, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments have been used to characterize the structural and electrical behaviors of the nanowires. A mediator-free horseradish peroxidase-based H(2)O(2) biosensor was constructed through the Sb-doped SnO(2) nanowires used as the immobilization matrix for the enzymes. In comparison with the undoped SnO(2) nanowires, Sb-doped SnO(2) nanowires exhibited excellent electron transfer properties for the enzymes and higher electroactivity toward H(2)O(2). The biosensors displayed good performance along with high sensitivity, wide linear range, and long-term stability. Those can be attributed to the enhanced carrier density arising from Sb doping and biocompatible microenvironment provided by the Sb-doped SnO(2) nanowires. This study demonstrated that Sb-doped SnO(2) nanowires were promising platform for the construction of mediator-free biosensors and provided new further fundamental insights into the study of nanoscience and nanodevices.