传感器类型
表面等离子共振(SPR)生物传感器
检测对象
白介素-6(Interleukin-6, IL-6);样品基质:LPS刺激的人成纤维细胞MRC5-CVI细胞培养上清(细胞培养液)
检测原理
传感器金表面构建MUA/MCH混合自组装单分子层,MUA提供羧基,MCH降低非特异吸附。经EDC/NHS活化羧基后,将抗人IL-6捕获抗体直接偶联,或先偶联蛋白G再亲和固定捕获抗体。细胞培养上清中的IL-6与表面捕获抗体特异性结合;随后加入生物素化抗IL-6二抗形成夹心复合物,增加界面质量。SPR通过监测金膜表面折射率变化,将结合质量转换为响应单位(RU)。IL-6浓度越高,捕获及二抗结合越多,RU响应越大;以标准曲线定量。二抗夹心作为信号放大,提高灵敏度和特异性;参考流道BSA扣除系统漂移。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 1.3 ng/mL(直接固定);5.7 ng/mL(间接固定);线性范围: 0.78–12.5 ng/mL;R^2 = 0.956(直接固定);R^2 = 0.996(间接固定)
效应效果
直接固定法优于蛋白G间接固定法;直接法培养液非特异结合约57 RU,缓冲液空白约5 RU,间接法非特异信号比直接法高约860 RU,主要因FBS中IgG与蛋白G非特异结合。夹心二抗增强特异性和信号,不同抗体固定密度未显著改变灵敏度。实验重复三次以确认重现性。SPR可直接分析细胞培养上清,无需离心或稀释。LPS刺激MRC5-CVI细胞后,IL-6分泌随时间增加;SPR与商品化ELISA趋势一致,差异低于2 ng/mL且在误差范围内,IL-6低于4 ng/mL时差异较小,高于4 ng/mL时结果几乎相同。作者认为该方法可用于复杂生物流体中细胞因子定量及医学筛查诊断。
传感器的构成
- 基底/换能器:金表面SPR传感器芯片(SIA KIT Au),提供表面等离子共振换能基础
- 自组装单分子层:MUA(11-巯基十一烷酸)与MCH(6-巯基-1-己醇)混合SAM,提供羧基并降低非特异结合
- 活化/偶联层:EDC与NHS活化羧基,乙醇胺封闭剩余基团,用于抗体或蛋白G共价固定
- 识别元件:亲和纯化的抗人IL-6抗体(primary antibody),特异性捕获IL-6
- 间接识别元件:蛋白G(Protein G),通过Fc结合域固定抗IL-6抗体
- 信号标记/放大:生物素化抗人IL-6抗体(secondary antibody,10 μg/mL),形成夹心复合物增加SPR响应
- 参考/封闭:BSA固定于参考流道,PBS/0.02% BSA运行缓冲液,用于扣除系统噪声并减少非特异结合
中文摘要
白介素-6(IL-6)是一种多功能细胞因子,常作为炎症、自身免疫疾病、冠状动脉疾病、神经系统疾病及妊娠相关问题的疾病指标,因此精确量化IL-6水平对疾病诊断和后续治疗具有重要意义。表面等离子共振(SPR)生物传感器通过监测传感器芯片表面折射率变化,灵敏地检测生物分子间相互作用。本研究采用SPR技术测定脂多糖(LPS)诱导的人成纤维细胞MRC5-CVI的IL-6分泌水平。为降低非特异性结合,在传感器表面构建11-巯基十一烷酸(MUA)与6-巯基-1-己醇(MCH)混合自组装单分子层,并采用夹心免疫测定法进行IL-6定量。同时比较两种抗体固定方式:直接固定和经蛋白G亲和间接固定。结果表明,直接固定法在传感器表面具有更好的抗体结合能力;SPR生物传感器检测到的细胞IL-6分泌水平与商品化IL-6酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)试剂盒结果一致。
英文摘要
Interleukin (IL)-6, a multifunctional cytokine, is widely used as an index for illnesses such as inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, coronary artery disease, neurological disease, and gestational problems. It is thus very important to be able to precisely quantify the level of IL-6 for disease diagnosis and any subsequent therapy. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors are sensitive in detecting the interaction between biomolecules by sensing the changes in the refractive index on the sensor chip. This study investigated the SPR technique to determine the IL-6 secretion of human fibroblast MRC5-CVI cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To reduce non-specific binding, a mixed self-assembled monolayer of mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) and mercaptohexanol (MCH) was attached to the sensor, and then used for IL-6 determination using a sandwich type immunoassay. In addition, two antibody immobilization methods were applied to the sensor surface-direct immobilization and indirect immobilization via protein G affinity. The results demonstrated that the direct immobilization method had a better antibody binding capacity on the sensor surface. The level of cellular IL-6 secretion detected by the SPR biosensor showed a consistent correlation with the commercial kit of IL-6 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.