传感器类型
化学发光生物传感器
检测对象
葡萄糖(glucose, Glc);样品基质:人血清、葡萄糖标准溶液
检测原理
样品流经固定 GOD 的 CAF-AMNMS 酶柱时,GOD 作为识别元件催化葡萄糖氧化为 D-葡萄糖酸和 H2O2。由于每摩尔葡萄糖产生等摩尔 H2O2,H2O2 浓度与葡萄糖浓度成正比。随后 H2O2 被注入载体流,在碱性 KOH 介质中与鲁米诺和双高碘酸镍酸盐 DPN 发生化学发光反应;DPN 作为氧化剂/敏化剂增强鲁米诺发光,H2O2 驱动发光强度增加。光电倍增管记录 CL 峰高,峰高随葡萄糖浓度升高而增大。AMNMS 的氨基通过静电作用吸附 GOD,CAF 纤维提供笼效应限制酶泄漏,从而提高酶活性与稳定性,间接增强信号响应。
检测灵敏度
Sensor A: LOD: 2.0×10−8 M;线性范围: 8.0×10−8–1.0×10−5 M;斜率: 8.3697 (C: 10−8 M);R^2=0.993;Sensor B: LOD: 8.3×10−9 M;线性范围: 4.0×10−8–4.0×10−6 M;斜率: 20.488 (C: 10−8 M);R^2=0.9992;Sensor C: LOD: 2.2×10−9 M;线性范围: 8.0×10−9–2.0×10−6 M;斜率: 39.995 (C: 10−8 M);R^2=0.999
效应效果
传感器C 4℃储存3个月后响应基本稳定,前6天保留约90%初始信号,A仅约64%且3个月后降至约36%;连续100次测1.0×10−5 M葡萄糖,RSD为1.4%(A为9.5%)。抗干扰:Na+、Ca2+、NO3−、NH4+、SO4^2−允许浓度比>1000,尿素、肌酐等500,尿酸、抗坏血酸、Fe3+为50;血清超滤后蛋白干扰可忽略。人血清结果与o-甲苯胺法一致(如4.7±4.3%对4.8 mM)。与已报道CL葡萄糖传感器相比,C的LOD 2.2×10−9 M、线性8.0×10−9–2.0×10−6 M,灵敏度更高,可拓展至尿酸、乳酸。
传感器的构成
- 基底/反应柱:玻璃管(glass tube,55 mm×3 mm)内填充酶反应器,两端玻璃棉固定,作为流动式酶柱
- 载体/固定化基质:钙藻酸盐纤维(CAF,calcium alginate fiber,直径约60 μm),由海藻酸钠与氯化钙交联形成,提供水凝胶笼效应并限制酶泄漏
- 纳米材料修饰层:氨基修饰纳米介孔二氧化硅(AMNMS,amine-modified nanosized mesoporous silica,含扩孔 remodelled AMNMS),由 TEOS/CTAB 合成并经 3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷修饰,以高比表面积和氨基静电吸附 GOD
- 识别元件:葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD,glucose oxidase),催化葡萄糖氧化生成 D-葡萄糖酸和 H2O2
- 信号标记物/发光试剂:鲁米诺(luminol,2.0×10−7 M)与双高碘酸镍酸盐(DPN,diperiodatonickelate,8.0×10−5 M)在 KOH(8.0×10−2 M)碱性介质中,与 H2O2 反应产生化学发光
- 流动读出系统:蠕动泵、注射阀、螺旋玻璃流通池、光电倍增管(PMT)和 IFFM-A 多功能化学发光分析仪,检测 CL 峰高
中文摘要
本研究以钙藻酸盐纤维(CAF)和氨基修饰纳米介孔二氧化硅(AMNMS)为复合载体,构建了一种新型酶反应器。AMNMS 对葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的静电吸附与 CAF 水凝胶的笼效应协同作用,可显著减少酶泄漏,提高固定化酶的催化活性、稳定性和使用寿命。以 GOD 为模型酶,结合新型鲁米诺-双高碘酸镍酸盐(luminol-DPN)化学发光体系,作者建立了流动式化学发光生物传感器用于葡萄糖检测。样品流经酶柱时,GOD 催化葡萄糖氧化生成过氧化氢,过氧化氢在碱性介质中引发鲁米诺-DPN 发光,由光电倍增管检测。该传感器响应时间短、操作简便、寿命长、催化活性高、灵敏度高且组装简单,其灵敏度高于已报道的化学发光葡萄糖传感器,并成功应用于人血清葡萄糖测定。
英文摘要
A novel enzyme reactor was prepared using calcium alginate fiber (CAF) and amine-modified nanosized mesoporous silica (AMNMS) as a support. Combination of the adsorption of the enzyme on AMNMS with the cage effect of the polymer greatly increases the catalytic activity and the stability of the immobilized enzyme. It was shown that the lifetime, stability, and catalytic activity of the enzyme reactor were greatly improved by incorporating AMNMS into CAF to efficiently encapsulate the enzyme. Glucose oxidase was chosen as a model enzyme to explore the possibility of using CAF-AMNMS as a matrix for enzyme immobilization in the design of a chemiluminescence (CL) flow-through biosensor. The sensitivity of the flow-through biosensor combined with a novel luminol-diperiodatonickelate CL system was higher than for other reported CL biosensors. The proposed biosensor exhibits short response time, easy operation, long lifetime, high catalytic activity, high sensitivity, and simple assembly.