传感器类型
电化学生物传感器
检测对象
互补单链DNA(complementary ssDNA),样品基质:Tris缓冲液(tris buffer solution)
检测原理
将小牛胸腺ssDNA通过静电作用、氢键及层状结构相互作用固定于[H23-AMP]3/2Fe(CN)6/石墨粉/石蜡碳糊电极(HPE)表面。当溶液中互补ssDNA与固定ssDNA杂交形成dsDNA时,电极界面电荷分布、双电层结构及DNA构象发生变化,改变[H23-AMP]3/2Fe(CN)6中Fe(CN)6^3-/Fe(CN)6^4-氧化还原对的电子转移阻力与可逆性。该杂化层中3-AMP有机层提供π共轭电子通道,无机Fe(CN)6^3-层提供氧化还原活性中心,使杂交事件转化为方波伏安(SWV)电流/电位变化。互补ssDNA浓度增加时,杂交峰电流增大,在pH 7.2 Tris缓冲液中实现检测。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 1.57 × 10−7 g/mL;线性范围: 3.24 × 10−7–6.72 × 10−5 g/mL;灵敏度斜率: 0.0998 μA/(10−7 g/mL);回归方程: I (μA)=0.0998C (10−7 g/mL)+110.8;γ = 0.9932
效应效果
该传感器对非互补鱼精ssDNA无1.544 mV杂交峰,仅显示ssDNA氧化还原电流,表明杂交识别具有选择性。HPE在0.01 mol/L Fe(CN)6^3-和0.1 mol/L KCl中连续5次RSD为1.3%和1.9%,间隔5次RSD为1.9%和2.3%;干燥器保存1个月以上氧化还原电位仅轻微变化。固定ssDNA/dsDNA的HPE连续5次RSD分别为3.9%和3.7%,互补ssDNA溶液中重现性RSD为4.1%。pH 7附近杂交峰电流最大。作者认为HPE可作为监测DNA杂交和检测互补ssDNA的敏感工具。
传感器的构成
- 基底/换能器电极:石墨棒(graphite rod)与导线,提供导电通路并连接测量电路
- 电极基体:石墨粉(graphite powder)与石蜡(paraffin)混合构成碳糊电极(CPE/HPE基体),固定杂化材料并导电
- 纳米材料修饰层:[H23-AMP]3/2Fe(CN)6纳米层状有机-无机钙钛矿杂化,作为电活性/电催化层,提供Fe(CN)6^3-氧化还原信号并加速电子转移
- 识别元件:小牛胸腺单链DNA(calf thymus ssDNA)固定于HPE表面,作为捕获探针与互补ssDNA杂交
- 被测物结合层:互补单链DNA(complementary ssDNA)与固定ssDNA杂交形成双链DNA(dsDNA),改变电极界面
- 信号读出层:三电极体系(Ag/AgCl参比电极、铂丝辅助电极)与方波伏安法(SWV)/循环伏安法(CV)读取电流和电位变化
中文摘要
本文在空气中制备了稳定的纳米层状有机-无机钙钛矿杂化材料[H23-AMP]3/2Fe(CN)6(3-AMP为3-甲基氨基吡啶),其结构为不寻常的层状有机-无机型。将该杂化材料包埋于石蜡中制备[H23-AMP]3/2Fe(CN)6糊状电极(HPE),表现出良好的电化学活性,循环伏安(CV)氧化还原峰分别位于约440 mV和30 mV。与碳糊电极(CPE)相比,HPE上Fe(CN)6^3-的氧化电位负移259.7 mV、还原电位正移338.7 mV,表明该杂化材料可加速电子转移并改善电化学反应可逆性。基于该特性,作者制备了DNA生物传感器:分别将单链DNA(ssDNA)和双链DNA(dsDNA)固定于HPE表面后,方波伏安(SWV)电流增大且SWV电位正移;在互补ssDNA溶液中,固定ssDNA的HPE出现杂交峰。该传感器可用于监测DNA杂交并检测互补ssDNA,线性范围为3.24×10−7至6.72×10−5 g/mL,检出限为1.57×10−7 g/mL,且具有良好的稳定性和重现性。
英文摘要
A steady nano organic-inorganic perovskite hybrid with [H(2)3-AMP](3/2)Fe(CN)(6) (3-AMP = 3-methylaminopyridine) was prepared in the air. The structure is an unusual layered organic-inorganic type. The resulting hybrid enveloped in paraffin to prepare [H(2)3-AMP](3/2)Fe(CN)(6) paste electrode (HPE) shows good electrochemical activity and a couple of oxidation and reduction peaks with potential of cyclic voltammometry (CV) at around 440 mV and 30 mV. Compared with that on CPE, oxidation potential of Fe(CN)(6) (3-) on HPE shifts negatively 259.7 mV and that of reduction shifts positively 338.7 mV, which exhibits that [H(2)3-AMP](3/2)Fe(CN)(6) can accelerate the electron-transfer to improve the electrochemical reaction reversibility. Such characteristics of [H(2)3-AMP](3/2)Fe(CN)(6) have been employed to prepare the DNA biosensor. The single-strand DNA (ssDNA) and double-strand DNA (dsDNA) immobilized on HPE, respectively, can improve the square wave voltammometry (SWV) current and SWV potential shifts positively. The effect of pH was evaluated. And there is hybridization peak on SWV curve using HPE immobilized ssDNA in the complementary ssDNA solution. And HPE immobilized ssDNA can be utilized to monitor the DNA hybridization and detect complementary ssDNA, covering range from 3.24 x 10(-7) to 6.72 x 10(-5) g/mL with detection limit of 1.57 x 10(-7) g/mL. The DNA biosensor exhibits a good stability and reproducibility.