传感器类型
荧光生物传感器
检测对象
微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)、三硝基甲苯(TNT);样品基质:PBS标准溶液,面向临床与环境水样
检测原理
该传感器采用竞争抑制免疫分析。样品中的MC-LR或TNT先与固定浓度的Cy5标记anti-MC-LR抗体和Cy7标记anti-NB抗体预孵育10 min,抗原占据抗体结合位点。随后混合物流入光纤传感器,未被抗原占据的剩余抗体分别与表面共价固定的MC-LR-OVA和NB-OVA结合。635 nm激光经光纤全内反射在表面形成倏逝波,激发表面结合的Cy5和Cy7荧光。带通滤光片分别选择667 nm和776 nm发射,光电二极管与锁相放大系统记录荧光强度。被测物浓度越高,剩余抗体越少,表面荧光信号越低,信号与浓度呈负相关;通过Sx/S0归一化并用四参数逻辑模型拟合实现定量。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 0.04 μg/L (MC-LR)、0.09 mg/L (TNT);IC50: 0.96 ± 0.02 μg/L (MC-LR)、1.06 ± 0.05 mg/L (TNT)
效应效果
单偶联物传感器对非对应抗体无响应,两种抗体交叉反应可忽略;仅固定OVA时无明显荧光,表明特异性良好。三次重复实验标准偏差均小于4.0%。传感器可用0.5% SDS(pH 1.9)再生,至少150次连续检测后性能不下降,每个分析周期约10 min。未报告实际样品加标回收率。MC-LR检出限0.04 μg/L低于WHO饮用水指南值1 μg/L,与多数免疫分析方法相当;TNT检出限0.09 mg/L略高。作者认为该光纤免疫阵列结构紧凑、成本低、易操作、可再生和微型化,适合临床与环境样品中小分子多分析物快速定量检测。
传感器的构成
- 基底/换能器:锥形光纤探针(tapered fiber optic probe)与单模-多模光纤耦合器,传导635 nm激光并在表面产生倏逝波
- 硅烷修饰层:3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MTS),在光纤表面引入硫醇基团,用于共价连接交联剂
- 交联层:N-(4-马来酰亚胺丁氧基)琥珀酰亚胺酯(GMBS),异双功能交联剂,连接硫醇基与蛋白氨基
- 识别元件层:MC-LR-OVA和NB-OVA半抗原-卵白蛋白偶联物,分别捕获anti-MC-LR和anti-NB抗体,实现竞争抑制检测
- 封闭层:牛血清白蛋白(BSA),封闭非特异性吸附位点
- 信号标记物:Cy5标记anti-MC-LR单克隆抗体(MC8C10)和Cy7标记anti-NB单克隆抗体(NB4X18),提供可区分荧光信号
- 读出组件:带通滤光片FF01-676/29-25与FF01-775/46-25、光电二极管和数字锁相检测系统,将荧光转换为电信号
中文摘要
免疫阵列已被证明是高通量分析多种分析物的有力工具。本文报道了一种用于同时检测多种小分子分析物的新型光纤免疫阵列生物传感器的概念验证。该传感器通过将两种半抗原-载体偶联物MC-LR-OVA和NB-OVA共价固定在同一光纤探针表面实现多分析物检测,其技术路线明显不同于传统免疫阵列传感器。在约10 min的单个分析周期内,可同时对微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)和三硝基甲苯(TNT)进行特异性检测。MC-LR和TNT的检出限分别为0.04 μg/L和0.09 mg/L。所提出的免疫阵列传感器具有良好的再生性能、结合性能和表面稳健性,可实现小分子分析物的低成本、准确测量。研究还表明,固定于传感器表面的半抗原偶联物浓度变化对其性能无显著影响,这对免疫阵列用于实际样品检测至关重要。该紧凑、便携的定量免疫阵列为临床和环境样品提供了优良的多分析物检测平台。
英文摘要
Immunoarrays have been proven to be powerful tools for high-throughput analysis of multiple analytes. In this paper, a proof-of-concept development of a novel optic fiber-based immunoarray biosensor for the detection of multiple small analytes is presented. This was developed through immobilization of two kinds of hapten conjugates, MC-LR-OVA and NB-OVA, onto the same fiber optic probe. The technique is significantly different from conventional immunoarray sensors. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and trinitrotoluene (TNT) could be detected simultaneously and specifically within an analysis time of about 10 min for each assay cycle. The limits of detection for MC-LR and TNT were 0.04 μg/L and 0.09 mg/L, respectively. Good regeneration performance, binding properties, and robustness of the sensor surface of the proposed immunoarray biosensor ensure the cost-effective and accurate measurement of small analytes. The change in concentration of the hapten conjugates immobilized onto the sensor surface was also proven to have no significant effection on the performance of immunoarray sensor, which is essential to the application of the immunoarray in real samples detection. This compact and portable quantitative immunoarray provides an excellent multiple assay platform for clinical and environmental samples.