传感器类型
其他(BRET生物传感器)
检测对象
二乙酰(diacetyl, 2,3-butanedione),样品基质为水溶液/PBS孵育体系(分离酵母膜)
检测原理
OGOR传感器中,GFP2位于ODR-10第三胞内环,RLuc位于C端。加入Clz400a后,RLuc催化底物氧化产生410 nm生物发光;当供体与受体距离和取向合适时,能量非辐射转移至GFP2,产生515 nm荧光。二乙酰结合ODR-10后引起受体构象变化,使IC3与C端距离增大或偶极取向改变,BRET效率下降,515/410 nm比值降低。二乙酰浓度越高,比值下降越明显,在10^-19至10^-10 M范围内呈线性。系统无额外酶促放大,但BRET2动态距离范围与GPCR构象变化匹配,酵母膜无内源GPCR背景,分离膜减少细胞壁屏障,从而实现飞摩尔级检测。
检测灵敏度
EC50: 3.55 fM(0.31 ppq, w/v);线性范围: 10^-19–10^-10 M;R^2 = 0.95;线性方程: y = −116.3 − 11.54x
效应效果
1 μM二乙酰使BRET2信号下降32%,H110Y突变体仅下降4.1%且与对照无显著差异(P=0.379),证明响应依赖ODR-10结合结构。选择性测试中,多种化合物在μM与nM浓度下无显著响应,仅二乙酰显著(10 nM P=0.0053;1 μM P=0.0029);10 nM柠檬酸与10 nM丁二醇混合无显著响应(P=0.3011),加入10 nM二乙酰后显著(P=0.0041),与水中二乙酰无显著差异(P=0.7514)。FRET对照OCOY响应仅7.6%,约为BRET2的1/5。作者认为其比QCM(1×10^-12 M)灵敏度高三个数量级,可用于电子鼻、食品质控、临床诊断和药物发现。
传感器的构成
- 表达膜基底:酿酒酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae INVsc1分离膜,提供ODR-10表达与定位的膜环境
- 识别元件:线虫气味受体ODR-10(GPCR),特异性识别挥发性配体二乙酰
- 生物发光供体:海肾荧光素酶Renilla luciferase(RLuc),融合于ODR-10 C端,产生BRET2供体发射
- 荧光受体:绿色荧光蛋白GFP2,插入ODR-10第三胞内环IC3,接收能量并产生515 nm荧光
- BRET底物:Coelenterazine 400a(Clz400a),加入后激活RLuc生物发光
- 检测读出:POLARstar OPTIMA微孔板读数仪,410 nm与515 nm双发射计算BRET2比值
中文摘要
本文旨在开发一种适用于G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)的通用信号转导系统。GPCR是大多数真核细胞中最重要的膜受体家族,也是药物研发的主要靶标。配体结合通常引起受体分子内亚纳米级构象重排。作者将编码生物发光供体海肾荧光素酶(RLuc)和荧光受体蛋白GFP2的序列分别插入线虫气味受体ODR-10的C端和第三胞内环(IC3),构建BRET2-ODR-10嵌合生物传感器(OGOR),并在酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)膜中表达。对分离膜进行的检测显示,该传感器对二乙酰(diacetyl)的EC50达飞摩尔水平,响应具有配体特异性,且受体序列中的单点突变可消除响应。此类BRET-GPCR传感器有望用于爆炸物检测、食品饮料质量控制、临床诊断和药物发现。
英文摘要
Our goal is to develop a general transduction system for G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). GPCRs are present in most eukaryote cells and transduce diverse extracellular signals. GPCRs comprise not only the largest class of integral membrane receptors but also the largest class of targets for therapeutic drugs. In all cases studied, binding of ligand to a GPCR leads to a sub-nanometer intramolecular rearrangement. Here, we report the creation of a novel chimaeric BRET-based biosensor by insertion of sequences encoding a bioluminescent donor and a fluorescent acceptor protein into the primary sequence of a GPCR. The BRET(2)-ODR-10 biosensor was expressed in membranes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Assays conducted on isolated membranes indicated an EC(50) in the femtomolar range for diacetyl. The response was ligand-specific and was abolished by a single point mutation in the receptor sequence. Novel BRET-GPCR biosensors of this type have potential application in many fields including explosive detection, quality control of food and beverage production, clinical diagnosis and drug discovery.