传感器类型
电化学生物传感器
检测对象
阿的平(quinacrine,DNA结合药物);样品基质:5 mM磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.0,去氧)
检测原理
DNA-Cu(II)/PAA/GC电极中,Cu(II)与dsDNA结合形成DNA-Cu(II)复合物,具有类过氧化物酶电催化活性,可在固定电位下催化H2O2还原,产生稳态阴极电流。当DNA结合药物阿的平加入时,阿的平嵌入dsDNA碱基对之间,改变DNA膜界面电子传递路径,对Cu(II)/Cu(I)电荷转移产生电子屏蔽/位阻抑制,使H2O2电催化还原电流下降。由于催化循环反复进行,阿的平对单个结合事件的抑制被H2O2还原过程放大。阿的平浓度越高,稳态电流下降比例越大,响应约20 s达到稳态,抑制可逆,动力学上呈非竞争性抑制特征。通过稳态电流变化可类似酶抑制动力学计算结合常数。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 10 μM(S/N = 3.0)
效应效果
传感器对20 μM阿的平响应时间约20 s,三次重复测定相对标准偏差为1.89%。加入阿的平后稳态电流下降,换新鲜缓冲液后约88%初始催化电流恢复,表明抑制可逆。50%抑制浓度约80 μM,阿的平浓度高于300 μM时趋于饱和;在50、100、200、500 μM H2O2下,抑制程度基本不受底物浓度影响,50%抑制浓度位于50–80 μM。QCM显示DNA/PAA和DNA-Cu(II)/PAA膜频率随阿的平加入下降,而聚谷氨酸/PAA膜无明显响应;CD显示阿的平嵌入DNA碱基对。初步实验表明结晶紫、四环素、溴化乙锭等DNA结合分子也能降低电流。方法无需DNA或电极表面化学修饰,制备简单,可用于筛选多种DNA结合药物和高毒性污染物。
传感器的构成
- 基底/换能器电极:玻璃碳电极(GC),作为工作电极提供电子转导界面
- 聚离子复合膜:DNA/聚烯丙胺(PAA)膜,PAA阳离子聚合物与dsDNA复合固定识别层
- 识别元件:双链DNA(dsDNA,鲑鱼精DNA),与DNA结合药物发生嵌入结合
- 催化/信号元件:Cu(II)(CuCl2)与DNA形成DNA-Cu(II)复合物,催化H2O2还原
- 底物/放大元件:过氧化氢(H2O2),作为电催化底物放大抑制信号
- 参比/辅助电极:Ag/AgCl(饱和KCl)参比电极与铂丝辅助电极,构成三电极体系
- 电解液:5 mM磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.0),提供离子传导环境
中文摘要
本文开发了一种基于抗疟药阿的平(quinacrine)对DNA-Cu(II)复合物电催化活性抑制效应的新型安培法检测药物-双链DNA相互作用策略。该方法以固定有DNA-Cu(II)复合物的DNA/聚烯丙胺(PAA)聚离子复合膜作为传感元件。DNA-Cu(II)复合物对过氧化氢还原的电催化活性可被阿的平与双链DNA相互作用产生的电子屏蔽效应可逆抑制,且该抑制效应经过氧化氢还原过程放大。利用该现象构建了用于DNA结合药物的新型安培生物传感器。由安培电流-时间曲线可知,传感器对20 μM阿的平的响应时间约20 s,阿的平检出限按信噪比3.0估算为10 μM。基于稳态催化电流变化,可类似酶抑制动力学分析药物-双链DNA相互作用,并计算阿的平与DNA的结合常数。该方法有望用于筛选多种DNA结合药物和高毒性污染物。
英文摘要
A novel strategy of amperometric assay for drug-dsDNA interactions was developed based on an inhibitory effect of antimararial drug (quinacrine) on an electrocatalytic activity of DNA-Cu(II) complex. In this method, a DNA-Cu(II) complex immobilized DNA/polyallylamine(PAA) polyion complex membrane was used as a sensing element. The electrocatalytic activity of a DNA-Cu(II) complex for hydrogen peroxide reduction was reversibly inhibited by electron blocking effect of quinacrine-dsDNA interaction and this inhibitory effect was amplified by the hydrogen peroxide reduction. This phenomenon was utilized for development of a novel amperometric biosensor for DNA-binding drug. From the amperometric current-time curves, the response time of the sensor to 20 μM quinacrine was obtained about 20s, and the detection limit of the quinacrine was found to be 10 μM estimated to a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.0. Based on the change of steady-state catalytic current, the kinetic analysis of drug-dsDNA interaction can be done in a similar manner of enzyme inhibition, and the binding constant of the quinacrine with DNA can be calculated. This measurement method would be useful for screening of wide variety of DNA-binding drugs and highly toxic pollutants.