传感器类型
化学发光生物传感器
检测对象
维生素B12(vitamin B12);样品基质:能量饮料(energy drinks,经XAD-2 Amberlite提取/衍生化)
检测原理
该传感器采用直接竞争免疫化学发光原理。维生素B12抗体IgY固定于NC膜并封闭后,样品中游离维生素B12与维生素B12–ALP偶联物竞争结合抗体位点。样品中维生素B12浓度越高,结合到试纸条上的B12–ALP偶联物越少。加入CDP-Star后,ALP催化其去磷酸化,生成不稳定的1,2-二氧杂环丁烷酚盐,分解时释放光子。化学发光计在固定时间内积分光子数,得到CLU。因此CL信号与维生素B12浓度呈反比,通过标准曲线即可定量。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 1 ng mL−1;线性范围: 1–500 ng mL−1;R^2 = 0.9897
效应效果
方法批内和批间变异系数低于0.2%,表1中CV为0.003%–0.2%。加标衍生化维生素B12回收率为90%–99.36%;能量饮料加标回收率为92%–99.4%。两种能量饮料与ELISA比较:样品1标称2 μg/100 mL,ELISA为1.72±0.42,试纸条为1.74±0.41;样品2为1.96±0.28与1.90±0.41,结果良好相关且无显著差异。相比比色法,CL法检出限由10 ng/mL降至1 ng/mL,加底物后2–3 min达稳态发光并维持至少15 min,操作更快速。作者认为该方法成本低、适合现场和高通量筛查。
传感器的构成
- 基底/载体:硝酸纤维素膜(NC membrane),作为试纸条载体并承载识别元件
- 识别元件:维生素B12抗体(IgY),直接点样固定于NC膜,特异性结合维生素B12
- 封闭剂:2%脱脂奶粉/PBS(skimmed milk in PBS),封闭非特异性结合位点
- 竞争标记物:维生素B12–碱性磷酸酶偶联物(vitamin B12–ALP conjugate),与游离维生素B12竞争结合抗体并携带ALP
- 化学发光底物:CDP-Star(disodium 2-chloro-5-(4-methoxyspiro{1,2-dioxetane-3,2′-(5′-chloro)tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decan}-4-yl)-1-phenyl phosphate),被ALP催化产生化学发光
- 样品前处理/被测物:能量饮料中维生素B12(vitamin B12),经XAD-2 Amberlite阳离子树脂提取和衍生化后参与竞争结合
- 信号读出:化学发光计(Luminoskan TL Plus luminometer,PMT),记录10 min光子数并转换为CLU
中文摘要
本文报道了一种基于试纸条的免疫化学发光(immuno-CL)生物传感器,用于能量饮料中维生素B12的检测。该方法采用直接竞争型免疫分析格式:先将维生素B12抗体(IgY)直接点样固定于硝酸纤维素膜(NC)上,经2%脱脂奶粉/PBS封闭后,使样品中的游离维生素B12与维生素B12–碱性磷酸酶(ALP)偶联物竞争结合抗体。随后加入化学发光底物CDP-Star,ALP催化其去磷酸化并产生化学发光。产生的光子数与样品中维生素B12浓度呈反比。经系统优化后,方法检出限为1 ng/mL,批内和批间变异系数均低于0.2%。从能量饮料中提取维生素B12的回收率为90%–99.4%。对两种能量饮料样品进行分析,结果与参考酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法具有良好相关性。该试纸条免疫化学发光方法准确、灵敏、适合高通量筛查,也可用于食品和环境样品中多种分析物的检测。
英文摘要
In this article, we describe a dipstick based immunochemiluminescence (immuno-CL) biosensor for the detection of vitamin B(12) in energy drinks. The method is a direct competitive type format involving the immobilization of vitamin B(12) antibody on nitrocellulose membrane (NC) followed by treatment with vitamin B(12) and vitamin B(12)-alkaline phosphatase conjugate to facilitate the competitive binding. The dipstick was further treated with substrate disodium 2-chloro-5-(4-methoxyspiro {1,2-dioxetane-3,2¢-(5¢-chloro)tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decan}-4-yl)-1-phenyl phosphate (CDP-Star) to generate chemiluminescence (CL). The number of photons generated was inversely proportional to the vitamin B(12) concentration. After systematic optimization, the limit of detection was 1 ng mL(-1). The coefficient of variation was below 0.2% for both intra- and inter-assay precision. Vitamin B(12) was extracted from energy drinks with recovery ranged from 90 to 99.4%. Two different energy drinks samples were analyzed, and a good correlation was observed when the data were compared with a reference enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) method. The developed method is suitable for an accurate, sensitive, and high-throughput screening of vitamin B(12) in energy drinks samples. The dipstick technique based on immuno-CL is suitable for the detection of several analyte in food and environmental samples.