电化学生物传感器 2012

Electrochemical DNA biosensor with chitosan-Co(3)O(4) nanorod-graphene composite for the sensitive detection of Staphylococcus aureus nuc gene sequence.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Qi X, Gao H, Zhang Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Sun W
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组成图示

Electrochemical DNA biosensor with ch... 传感器构成示意图

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传感器类型

电化学生物传感器

检测对象

金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因单链DNA序列(Staphylococcus aureus nuc gene ssDNA)、金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因PCR扩增产物(PCR product);样品基质为PBS缓冲液及细菌DNA提取后PCR产物

检测原理

该传感器以固定于电极表面的ssDNA探针为识别元件。带负电的探针通过静电作用吸附在带正电的CTS膜上,目标金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因ssDNA加入后与探针互补杂交,形成dsDNA。MB作为电化学指示剂,与dsDNA的嵌入/静电结合强于与ssDNA的结合,因此杂交后电极表面可积累更多MB。在DPV中,MB发生还原反应产生阴极峰电流,目标浓度越高,形成dsDNA越多,MB还原峰电流增量ΔI越大。CTS–Co3O4–GR复合膜通过大比表面积、多孔结构和良好导电性增加探针负载并加速电子转移,CILE进一步降低界面电阻,从而提高灵敏度。信号以ΔI对目标浓度对数的线性响应读出。

检测灵敏度

LOD: 4.3×10−13 M (3σ);线性范围: 1.0×10−12 M–1.0×10−6 M;灵敏度斜率: ΔI(μA)=6.96log[c/(M)]+97.7;R^2 = 0.998

效应效果

该传感器对金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因目标序列选择性良好:互补序列杂交后MB还原峰电流为55.2 μA,非互补序列为10.1 μA,三碱基错配为25.7 μA,单碱基错配为41.9 μA。对1.0×10−7 M目标ssDNA重复检测RSD为3.7%,重现性良好。作者检测了nuc基因PCR产物,电泳片段为166 bp;变性后杂交使MB还原峰电流明显高于无模板PCR溶液,说明可检测PCR产物。论文未报告长期稳定性、实际样品加标回收率或与ELISA、HPLC、qPCR的定量对比。作者认为其制备简单、成本低、响应快、选择性好、线性范围宽、灵敏度高,可作为电化学传感器平台。

传感器的构成

  • 基底电极:碳离子液体电极(CILE),由石墨粉与1-丁基吡啶六氟磷酸盐(BPPF6)制成,提供高导电基底、宽电化学窗口和抗污性。
  • 纳米复合修饰层:壳聚糖(CTS)-Co3O4纳米棒(nano-Co3O4)-石墨烯(GR)复合膜,涂覆于CILE,增大比表面积、改善电子转移并固定探针。
  • 识别元件:22碱基单链DNA探针(probe ssDNA),通过静电吸附固定于带正电CTS膜,特异性识别金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因目标序列。
  • 杂交识别层:目标单链DNA(target ssDNA)与探针杂交形成双链DNA(dsDNA),使MB结合量增加。
  • 信号标记物:亚甲基蓝(MB),作为电化学指示剂,与dsDNA嵌入/静电结合后在DPV中产生还原峰电流。
  • 测量介质:50 mM Tris–HCl缓冲液(pH 7.0)用于DPV检测;0.5% SDS与双蒸水用于清洗去除非特异性吸附。

中文摘要

本文制备了由Co3O4纳米棒(nano-Co3O4)、石墨烯(GR)和壳聚糖(CTS)组成的纳米复合材料,并将其修饰在碳离子液体电极(CILE)表面,构建了一种新型电化学DNA生物传感器。单链DNA探针(ssDNA)通过静电吸附固定在CTS–Co3O4–GR/CILE表面,可在选定条件下与目标ssDNA序列杂交。以亚甲基蓝(MB)为电化学指示剂,通过差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)监测MB还原峰电流来反映杂交反应。该传感器结合了Co3O4纳米棒的生物相容性、GR优异的电子转移能力和大比表面积、CTS良好的成膜能力以及CILE的高导电性,提高了电极表面ssDNA负载量并加速MB电化学响应。在最优条件下,MB的DPV响应与金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因目标ssDNA浓度在1.0×10−12至1.0×10−6 M范围内呈线性,检出限为4.3×10−13 M(3σ)。该传感器对单碱基和三碱基错配序列具有良好区分能力,并能满意检测金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因的PCR扩增产物。

英文摘要

In this paper a novel nanocomposite material prepared by Co(3)O(4) nanorods (nano-Co(3)O(4)), graphene (GR) and chitosan (CTS) was fabricated and further modified on carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE), which was used as the substrate electrode to construct a new electrochemical DNA biosensor. The single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe was immobilized on the CTS-Co(3)O(4)-GR/CILE surface by electrostatic attraction, which could hybridize with the target ssDNA sequence under the selected conditions. By using methylene blue (MB) as the electrochemical indicator, the hybridization reactions were monitored with the reduction peak current. By combining the biocompatibility of Co(3)O(4) nanorods, excellent electron transfer ability and big surface of GR, good film-forming ability of CTS and the high conductivity of CILE, the amount of ssDNA adsorbed on the electrode surface was increased and the electrochemical response of MB was accelerated. Under the optimal conditions differential pulse voltammetric responses of MB were in linear with the specific target ssDNA sequence in the concentration range from 1.0×10(-12) to 1.0×10(-6)M with the detection limit as 4.3×10(-13)M (3σ). Good discrimination ability to the one-base and three-base mismatched ssDNA sequences could be achieved and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification products of Staphylococcus aureus nuc gene sequence were detected with satisfactory results.