传感器类型
场效应晶体管(FET)生物传感器
检测对象
亲和素(avidin)、牛血清白蛋白(BSA,对照);样品基质:去离子水/缓冲液蛋白溶液
检测原理
该传感器以生物素化F8T2作为有机半导体敏感层。F8T2侧链上的生物素与目标蛋白avidin发生强特异性结合,而BSA仅发生弱相互作用。avidin结合后引起聚合物主链构象或分子间相互作用变化,使共轭双键有效共轭长度缩短,p型半导体载流子传输能力下降,晶体管电导和漏极电流显著降低;结合越强或结合位点越多,共轭长度缩短越明显,电学信号下降越大。BSA弱结合仅造成轻微电导下降。同时,avidin结合还改变聚合物光学性质,使365 nm紫外激发下荧光颜色由黄绿向蓝色偏移,BSA仅轻微变化。该过程无需外源标记,通过电导/漏极电流和荧光颜色实现识别事件到电信号/光学信号的转换。
检测灵敏度
未报告LOD、线性范围、灵敏度斜率或R^2。
效应效果
器件场效应迁移率约1.4×10^-5 cm2/V·s,开/关比约10^2。与去离子水处理相比,BSA处理使电导下降约2个数量级,avidin处理下降约4个数量级;avidin相对BSA多下降2个数量级。漏极电流在avidin处理后下降约5个数量级,30个器件平均值远超误差棒。avidin处理后OTFT半导体特性消失,BSA处理后仍保持典型OTFT特性。荧光方面,avidin使F8T2在二氧六环或甲醇中由黄绿变蓝,BSA仅轻微变化。作者认为该OTFT可用于生物活性蛋白的选择性检测。
传感器的构成
- 基底/栅极电极:高导电Si晶圆(电阻率5–10 Ω·cm),作为机械支撑和栅极电极。
- 栅介质层:热生长SiO2(300 nm,Co=10 nF/cm2),隔离栅极与半导体沟道。
- 源漏电极:Cr/Au(20 nm Cr粘附层/80 nm Au),用于载流子注入与收集。
- 半导体敏感层:生物素化F8T2共聚物(10%或25%侧链生物素化,膜厚约4300 Å),p型有机半导体,承担识别与电导换能。
- 识别元件:F8T2侧链生物素(biotin),特异性结合avidin。
- 表面亲水化层:UV/O3处理(10 min),将接触角由80°降至12°,促进水溶液接触。
中文摘要
本报告报道了基于芴-双噻吩共聚物(F8T2)的生物素功能化半导体聚合物,并将其应用于有机薄膜晶体管(OTFT)作为生物传感器。作者通过生物素与F8T2侧链相应羟基发生酯化反应,使芴侧链部分生物素化,制备出侧链生物素化比例不同的半导体聚合物。利用OTFT测试其有机半导体性能,结果表明该聚合物呈现典型p型半导体特性。作者进一步利用自行开发的器件检测生物活性分子,以亲和素(avidin)为特异性目标蛋白,并与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)进行对照;通过晶体管电导率的选择性下降验证了该生物传感器的功能。此外,还通过测量聚合物与avidin或BSA反应前后紫外荧光颜色的变化,表征了该聚合物光学性质的响应。
英文摘要
This report presents biotin-functionalized semiconducting polymers that are based on fluorene and bithiophene co-polymers (F8T2). Also presented is the application of these polymers to an organic thin film transistor used as a biosensor. The side chains of fluorene were partially biotinylated after the esterification of the biotin with corresponding alcohol-groups at the side chain in F8T2. Their properties as an organic semiconductor were tested using an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and were found to show typical p-type semiconductor curves. The functionality of this biosensor in the sensing of biologically active molecules such as avidin in comparison with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was established through a selective decrease in the conductivity of the transistor, as measured with a device that was developed by the authors. Changes to the optical properties of this polymer were also measured through the change in the color of the UV-fluorescence before and after a reaction with avidin or BSA.