组成图示
示意图生成中
传感器类型
电化学生物传感器
检测对象
结合葡萄糖(bonded glucose,以纤维二糖cellobiose、蔗糖saccharose、(-)-4-硝基苯基-α-D-葡萄糖苷(-)-4-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside为模型底物);游离葡萄糖(glucose)用于标准曲线;样品基质:磷酸盐缓冲液溶液、啤酒(beer)
检测原理
样品中的结合葡萄糖先在溶液中经葡萄糖苷酶水解,释放等摩尔游离葡萄糖;游离葡萄糖扩散至电极表面,被葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)催化氧化,以分子氧为受体生成葡萄糖内酯和过氧化氢(H2O2)。H2O2与体相二氧化锰(MnO2)发生化学反应,将MnO2还原为低氧化态锰物种,后者在0.48 V(vs Ag/AgCl)下被电化学再氧化为MnO2,形成可循环的媒介体电子传递过程。氧化峰高与溶液中游离葡萄糖浓度成正比,因此与结合葡萄糖浓度成正比。方法采用酶解前后差值测定,扣除样品中本底游离葡萄糖,从而得到结合葡萄糖含量。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 1 μmol L−1;线性范围: 11–13,900 μmol L−1;灵敏度斜率: 0.55 μA/(μmol L−1)(i [μA] = 0.55 c [μmol L−1] + 0.03)
效应效果
传感器在0.1 M磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.5)下工作,稳定性与重现性良好,100 μmol/L葡萄糖五次进样RSD约7%。采用酶解前后差值法,抗坏血酸、尿酸等干扰对前后信号影响相同,经抗坏血酸氧化酶/过氧化氢酶处理标准液验证结果一致。啤酒样品中,SPE法测得总葡萄糖4.25±0.02%、游离葡萄糖1.36±0.02%、结合葡萄糖2.89±0.02%(占总葡萄糖68.0±0.02%);光学参考法Glucotrend为4.55±0.1%、1.45±0.1%、3.10±0.1%(68.0±0.1%),参考法略高5–10%,处于约8%不确定度内,结合葡萄糖相对差低于5%。样品仅需除气和1:50稀释,作者认为可用于啤酒等复杂基质。
传感器的构成
- 基底/换能器电极:惰性激光预刻陶瓷支撑片(Coors Ceramic)上屏印碳墨(C50905DI)工作电极(SPE),提供导电基底与电化学界面
- 媒介体修饰层:二氧化锰(MnO2)与碳墨体相混合,作为电子媒介体参与H2O2还原/氧化循环并产生安培电流
- 生物催化识别层:葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)与碳墨体相混合,催化葡萄糖氧化生成葡萄糖内酯和H2O2
- 样品前处理酶:葡萄糖苷酶(glucosidase,EC 3.2.1.21,杏仁来源)在样品溶液中水解结合葡萄糖释放游离葡萄糖(非电极固定层)
- 流动注射检测池:薄层电化学池(CC5,BAS)与Teflon隔片(MF-1047/MF-1048),使样品以0.2 mL/min流过电极
- 参比电极:Ag/AgCl电极(3 M KCl,RE-1,BAS),提供0.48 V稳定电位参考
- 对电极:不锈钢背板(cell back plate),完成电化学回路
中文摘要
本文报道了一种基于碳墨屏印电极的电化学生物传感器,该电极以二氧化锰(MnO2)为电子媒介体、葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)为生物组分进行双重体相修饰,用于流动注射分析(FIA)检测不同化合物中的结合葡萄糖,如纤维二糖、蔗糖、(-)-4-硝基苯基-α-D-葡萄糖苷以及啤酒样品。传感器可在生理条件(0.1 M磷酸盐缓冲液,pH 7.5)下工作,具有良好重现性和稳定性。结合葡萄糖先在样品溶液中经葡萄糖苷酶水解释放为游离葡萄糖,再由修饰屏印电极检测。对纤维二糖、蔗糖和(-)-4-硝基苯基-α-D-葡萄糖苷的水解释放研究表明,三种底物均可按化学计量关系监测到游离葡萄糖。在FIA模式(流速0.2 mL/min,进样体积0.25 mL,工作电位0.48 V vs Ag/AgCl)下,传感器对游离葡萄糖的安培响应线性范围为11–13,900 μmol/L,检出限(3σ)为1 μmol/L;100 μmol/L时五次进样相对标准偏差约7%。若结合葡萄糖定量释放,上述指标对应相同浓度的结合葡萄糖。该方法用于啤酒样品中结合葡萄糖测定,结果与参考方法高度一致。
英文摘要
A screen-printed amperometric biosensor based on carbon ink double bulk-modified with MnO(2) as a mediator and glucose oxidase as a biocomponent was investigated for its ability to serve as a detector for bonded glucose in different compounds, such as cellobiose, saccharose, (-)-4-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, as well as in beer samples by flow-injection analysis (FIA). The biosensor could be operated under physiological conditions (0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.5) and exhibited good reproducibility and stability. Bonded glucose was released with glucosidase in solution, and the free glucose was detected with the modified screen-printed electrode (SPE). The release of glucose by the aid of glucosidase from cellobiose, saccharose and (-)-4-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside in solution showed that stoichiometric quantities of free glucose could be monitored in all three cases. The linear range of the amperometric response of the biosensor in the FIA-mode flow rate 0.2mLmin(-1), injection volume 0.25mL, operation potential 0.48V versus Ag/AgCl) extends from 11 to 13,900mumolL(-1) glucose in free form. The limit of detection (3sigma) is 1mumolL(-1) glucose. A concentration of 100mumolL(-1) yields a relative standard deviation of approximately 7% with five injections. These values correspond to the same concentrations of bonded glucose supposed that it is liberated quantitatively (incubation for 2h with glucosidase). Bonded glucose could be determined in beer samples using the same assay. The results corresponded very well with the reference procedure.