组成图示
示意图生成中
传感器类型
电化学生物传感器
检测对象
葡萄糖(glucose);样品基质:人血清(serum)、血液(blood)
检测原理
该传感器以铂电极为换能器,微凝胶中包埋的葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)作为识别元件。葡萄糖进入微凝胶后被GOx催化氧化,同时消耗氧气并生成过氧化氢(H2O2)。H2O2扩散至铂电极表面,在+0.6 V(vs SCE)下发生电化学氧化,产生与葡萄糖浓度成正比的安培电流。微凝胶网络通过物理包埋提高GOx稳定性,并控制底物扩散;PMP2中丙烯酸赋予微凝胶负电荷,可排斥抗坏血酸根和尿酸根等阴离子干扰物,从而在血清等复杂基质中保持选择性。
检测灵敏度
LOD: 3 × 10−5 M(S/N=3);线性范围: 0.1–20 mM;PMP1: y = 22.1 + 203.5x,r = 0.999;PMP2: y = 25.8 + 209.2x,r = 0.998(y/nA,x/mmol L−1)
效应效果
PMP2微凝胶因含丙烯酸负电荷,可消除抗坏血酸和尿酸干扰,适用于血清检测。与人血清六激酶比色法相比,PMP1结果普遍偏高约10%,PMP2偏差在±2.9%以内;5份血清池RSD均不超过2.30%,加标回收率约100%(PMP1 98.27–105.20%,PMP2 94.01–103.11%)。电极在−4 ℃磷酸缓冲液中保存125 d后仍保持100%初始响应;冻干含酶微凝胶酶活性至少18个月不变,8个月SEM形貌无明显变化。3 mg微凝胶电极95%响应时间约135 s。
传感器的构成
- 工作电极:铂电极(Pt),作为安培换能器,在+0.6 V vs SCE下氧化H2O2产生电流
- 微凝胶修饰层:聚丙烯酰胺微凝胶颗粒(PMP1,AA/BIS)或聚丙烯酰胺/聚丙烯酸微凝胶颗粒(PMP2,AA/AAc/BIS),物理包埋GOx并固定于电极表面
- 识别元件:葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx),催化葡萄糖氧化生成H2O2
- 约束层:透析膜(dialysis membrane,MWCO 12,000–14,000),压住微凝胶颗粒防止脱落
- 信号产物:过氧化氢(H2O2),由GOx催化产生并在铂电极上电化学氧化
- 三电极体系:饱和甘汞电极(SCE)与铂对电极,提供参比电位和电流回路
中文摘要
本文报道了一种基于葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)包埋于聚丙烯酰胺微凝胶中的安培葡萄糖生物传感器的制备与表征。研究证明聚丙烯酰胺微凝胶可作为GOx固定化的优良基质,用作安培生物传感器中的生物材料。通过在聚合物基质中引入丙烯酸,消除了抗坏血酸和尿酸的干扰,使该器件适用于血液和血清等复杂样品中的葡萄糖测定。温度效应研究表明,微凝胶的溶胀直接影响酶活性:在溶胀微凝胶中酶的行为与溶液中酶相似,而当微凝胶含水量降低时,酶的活化能升高。该生物传感器具有显著稳定性,制备4个月后初始响应无损失;含酶冻干微凝胶的酶活性至少可保持18个月不变。
英文摘要
The preparation and characterization of an amperometric glucose biosensor based on the entrapment of glucose oxidase (GOx) in a polyacrylamide microgel is described. This study proves that polyacrylamide microgels provide an excellent matrix for GOx immobilization that can be used as a biological material in amperometric biosensors. The interference produced by ascorbic and uric acid has been eliminated by including acrylic acid in the polymeric matrix. With this modification, we obtain an adequate device for glucose determination in complex samples such as blood and serum. The study of the temperature effect in the response of biosensors indicates that swelling of the microgels directly influences the enzymatic activity. Thus, the behaviour of the enzyme in the swollen microgels is similar to the enzyme in solution, but the enzyme's activation energy increases when the water content in the microgels decreases. One important property of these biosensors is their remarkable stability. After 4 months of its manufacture, there is no loss in the initial response. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity of freeze-dried microgels containing enzyme remains unaltered for at least 18 months.