电化学生物传感器 2008

A novel nanobiocomposite based glucose biosensor using neutral red functionalized carbon nanotubes.

Biosensors & bioelectronics Shobha Jeykumari DR, Sriman Narayanan S
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A novel nanobiocomposite based glucos... 传感器构成示意图

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传感器类型

电化学生物传感器

检测对象

葡萄糖(glucose,D-葡萄糖);样品基质:磷酸盐缓冲液、人血清

检测原理

传感器基于 GOx 的酶催化与 NR 的介导电催化。GOx 催化葡萄糖与溶解氧反应,生成 H2O2 和葡萄糖酸内酯。NR 作为氧化还原介体,其还原态与 H2O2 反应被氧化,氧化态在 -0.5 V 电极上再被还原,形成 Mred/Mox 循环。电子经 NR 与 MWNT 的高导电网络传递到 PIGE,产生与葡萄糖浓度成正比的安培电流。NR 共价连接 MWNT 缩短电子转移距离,Nafion 固定 GOx 并限制干扰物接近,从而在低电位下实现选择性检测。

检测灵敏度

LOD: 3 × 10−9 M;线性范围: 1 × 10−8–1 × 10−3 M;相关系数: 0.9998

效应效果

该传感器在 -0.5 V 下对葡萄糖的 95% 稳态响应时间仅 4 s。干扰实验中,抗坏血酸、尿酸、对乙酰氨基酚、甘氨酸和尿素的干扰分别仅为葡萄糖响应的 3.8%、3.8%、3.2%、1.5% 和 1.6%,均低于 4%。对 1 mM 葡萄糖连续五次测量 RSD 为 0.5%,五个电极间重现性 RSD 为 2.8%;4 ℃ 保存 3 个月响应无明显变化。人血清加标回收率为 97–103%,与医院检测值可比。作者认为该纳米生物复合膜可减轻电极污染,适合作为氧化酶类生物传感器平台。

传感器的构成

  • 基底电极:石蜡浸渍石墨电极(PIGE),作为工作电极与电子传导基底
  • 纳米导电层:多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs),经 HNO3 氧化引入羧基,提供高比表面与导电通道
  • 氧化还原介体:中性红(NR),通过 EDAC/NHS 碳二亚胺反应共价连接 MWNT 羧基,催化 H2O2 还原
  • 识别元件:葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx),物理吸附于 NR 功能化 MWNT 表面及管腔,催化葡萄糖氧化生成 H2O2
  • 成膜固定剂:Nafion(Nf),作为粘结剂固定 GOx 与 NR-MWNT,形成纳米生物复合膜并提供抗干扰微环境

中文摘要

本文报道了一种基于多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)、中性红(NR)和葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)的新型葡萄糖电化学生物传感器。作者以石蜡浸渍石墨电极(PIGE)为基底,将经硝酸氧化引入羧基的 MWNTs 通过碳二亚胺反应共价连接 NR,再与 GOx 和 Nafion(Nf)混合成膜,制备 MWNT–NR–GOx–Nf 纳米生物复合修饰电极。NR 作为氧化还原介体,在低电位下催化葡萄糖氧化反应产生的过氧化氢(H2O2)还原,电子经 MWNT 传导至电极,实现葡萄糖的安培检测。该传感器在 1×10−8–1×10−3 M 范围内线性响应,检出限为 3×10−9 M,响应时间约 4 s,并具有良好的稳定性、重现性和抗干扰能力,可用于生物体液中葡萄糖的检测。

英文摘要

The performance of a new glucose biosensor based on the combination of biocatalytic activity of glucose oxidase (GOx) with the electrocatalytic properties of CNTs and neutral red (NR) for the determination of glucose is described. This sensor is comprised of a multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) conduit functionalized with NR and Nafion (Nf) as a binder and glucose oxidase as a biocatalyst. Neutral red was covalently immobilized on carboxylic acid groups of the CNTs via carbodiimide reaction. The functionalized MWNTs were characterized by microscopic, spectroscopic and thermal methods. The MWNT-NR-GOx-Nf nanobiocomposite was prepared by mixing the GOx solution with NR functionalized CNTs followed by mixing homogeneously with Nafion. The performance of the MWNT-NR-GOx-Nf nanobiocomposite modified electrode was examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The catalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide liberated from the enzymatic reaction of glucose oxidase upon glucose with NR functionalized CNTs leads to the selective detection of glucose. The excellent electrocatalytic activity and the influence of nanobiocomposite film result in good characteristics such as low potential detection of glucose with a large determination range from 1 x 10(-8) to 1 x 10(-3)M with a detection limit of 3 x 10(-9)M glucose, a short response time (with 4s), good stability and anti-interferent ability. The improved electrocatalytic activity and stability made the MWNT-NR-GOx-Nf nanobiocomposite biosensor system a potential platform to immobilize different enzymes for other bioelectrochemical applications.

关键词

葡萄糖生物传感器多壁碳纳米管中性红葡萄糖氧化酶Nafion电化学生物传感器