电化学生物传感器 2008

Preparation of PVA membrane for immobilization of GOD for glucose biosensor.

Talanta Kumar J, D'Souza SF
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组成图示

Preparation of PVA membrane for immob... 传感器构成示意图

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传感器类型

电化学生物传感器

检测对象

葡萄糖(glucose);样品基质:标准葡萄糖溶液、血液

检测原理

该传感器以葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)为识别元件,以Clark型溶解氧电极为换能器。样品中的葡萄糖扩散进入GOD-PVA膜,在GOD催化下发生氧化反应:葡萄糖与溶解氧反应生成葡萄糖内酯和过氧化氢,同时消耗溶解氧。随着葡萄糖浓度升高,膜内氧消耗速率增大,电极表面溶解氧浓度下降,Clark型氧电极的电流/读数发生相应变化。系统通过校准曲线将氧耗变化换算为葡萄糖浓度,线性范围为0.9–225 mg/dl。该过程无需外加电子供体或化学标记物,信号放大主要依赖酶催化反应对氧的持续消耗。

检测灵敏度

LOD: 0.6 mg/dl;线性范围: 0.9–225 mg/dl;斜率: 0.52;R^2 = 0.989

效应效果

该膜在32次重复使用中活性无明显损失,4 ℃保存30 d后仍保留约90%活性。对90 mg/dl葡萄糖的重复测定相对标准偏差为2.8×10−2(均值46.2×10−2 ppm,n=6),不同实验间相对标准偏差为3.1×10−2(均值46.78×10−2 ppm),重现性良好。响应时间约为2 min。与医院检测值比较,血液样品中葡萄糖测定的线性拟合斜率为0.979,R^2=0.992,表明血液中的其他成分未造成明显干扰。检测范围与市售葡萄糖生物传感器相当,作者认为该GOD-PVA膜可用于实际血液葡萄糖检测。

传感器的构成

  • 换能器电极:Clark型溶解氧电极(DO probe/electrode),内含1 M KCl溶液,用于检测溶解氧浓度变化
  • 固定膜层:PVA膜,由12% LDOP PVA、8% HDOP PVA、2% BA溶于含20%丙酮的50 mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH 6.0)制备,UV交联,用于包埋GOD并降低溶胀
  • 识别元件:葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD,2000 units/ml),包埋于PVA膜中,催化葡萄糖氧化
  • 反应底物:葡萄糖(glucose)与溶解氧(O2),葡萄糖为被测物,O2为酶反应底物
  • 信号介质:溶解氧(O2),其被GOD催化消耗后引起DO电极电流/读数变化
  • 固定密封层:O-ring与cheesecloth,将GOD-PVA膜紧贴在DO电极表面
  • 反应介质:50 mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH 6.0),提供酶反应环境并稀释样品

中文摘要

本文报道了一种用于固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的聚乙烯醇(PVA)膜及其葡萄糖生物传感器。膜由低聚合度(LDOP)和高聚合度(HDOP)PVA、苯甲酸(BA)及丙酮配制,并经紫外(UV)交联。以溶胀指数优化膜组成,含12% LDOP PVA、8% HDOP PVA和2% BA、溶于含20%丙酮的缓冲液并经UV处理的膜溶胀指数最低。傅里叶变换红外光谱显示,在苯甲酸存在下UV交联使膜出现约2337 cm−1强吸收带;扫描电镜显示UV交联膜表面更光滑。将GOD-PVA膜与Clark型溶解氧(DO)电极结合,利用固定GOD催化葡萄糖氧化为葡萄糖内酯并消耗溶解氧,通过氧耗变化检测葡萄糖。校准曲线线性范围给出0.9–225 mg/dl的检测范围。膜可重复使用32次而活性无明显损失,4 ℃保存30 d后仍保留约90%活性,并用于真实血液样品检测。

英文摘要

A membrane was prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with low and high degree of polymerization (DOP), acetone, benzoic acid (BA) and was cross-linked by UV treatment. Membrane composition was optimized on the basis of swelling index. Membrane prepared with 12% low DOP and 8% high DOP of PVA, 2% BA, dissolved in buffer containing 20% acetone and cross-linked with UV treatment exhibited lower swelling index. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study of the membranes showed appearance of a strong band at approximately 2337 cm(-1) when UV was used for cross-linking in the presence of benzoic acid. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) study revealed that membrane cross-linked with UV treatment was smoother. Glucose oxidase (GOD)-PVA membrane was associated with the dissolved oxygen (DO) probe for biosensor reading. Glucose was detected on the basis of depletion of oxygen, when immobilized GOD oxidizes glucose to gluconolactone. A wide detection range, 0.9-225 mg/dl was estimated from the linear range of calibration plot of biosensor reading. Membranes were reused for 32 reactions without significant loss of activity and stored for 30 days (approximately 90% activity) at 4 degrees C. Membranes were also used with real blood samples.

关键词

葡萄糖生物传感器葡萄糖氧化酶聚乙烯醇膜溶解氧电极紫外交联血液检测