侧流层析试纸条 2009

Aptamer-functionalized gold nanoparticles as probes in a dry-reagent strip biosensor for protein analysis.

Analytical chemistry Xu H, Mao X, Zeng Q, Wang S, Kawde AN, Liu G
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组成图示

Aptamer-functionalized gold nanoparti... 传感器构成示意图

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传感器类型

侧流层析试纸条

检测对象

凝血酶(thrombin);样品基质:缓冲液、人血浆(human plasma)

检测原理

样品加入样品垫后,经毛细作用迁移至结合垫,使干燥的金纳米颗粒-一级适配体偶联物复溶。一级适配体与凝血酶特异性结合,形成凝血酶-一级适配体-AuNP复合物并继续迁移。到达检测区时,固定在硝酸纤维素膜上的二级适配体通过链霉亲和素-生物素体系捕获该复合物,使AuNP在检测线富集,产生红色条带;条带光学峰面积随检测线捕获AuNP量增加而增大,从而与凝血酶浓度成正比。若无凝血酶,AuNP-一级适配体不被检测区捕获,仅被质控区预固定的互补DNA探针杂交捕获,形成质控线。定性通过目视检测区显色判断,定量由便携试纸读取器读取检测区光学强度。

检测灵敏度

LOD: 2.5 nM (S/N = 3);线性范围: 5–100 nM;血浆 LOD: 0.6 pmol (S/N = 3);血浆线性范围: 1.2–60 pmol

效应效果

该试纸条在 10 min 内完成检测。500 nM 的 HSA、IgG、IgM 和酪蛋白均不产生检测区信号,运行缓冲液中约 3000 倍过量的 BSA 也不干扰,显示良好选择性。50 nM 凝血酶 6 条试纸条 RSD 为 8.6%;室温保存 2 个月后 20 nM 凝血酶响应 RSD 小于 7%,稳定性良好。与抗体基试纸条相比,适配体基传感器检出限更低(2.5 nM 对 5 nM),线性范围相近(约 5–100 nM 对约 7.5–250 nM),RSD 相近(8.6% 对 7.8%),且特异性更优。人血浆加标检测线性范围为 1.2–60 pmol,LOD 0.6 pmol,表明可用于临床即时或现场蛋白质检测。

传感器的构成

  • 基底/背衬层:聚酯塑料背衬(polyester backing layer),承载样品垫、结合垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸收垫,保证层间重叠。
  • 样品垫:纤维素纤维样品垫(cellulose fiber sample pad, CFSP001700),预浸 pH 8.0 缓冲液(含 0.25% Triton X-100、0.05 M Tris-HCl、0.15 mM NaCl),用于加样与样品释放。
  • 结合垫:玻璃纤维结合垫(glass fiber pad, GFCP000800),负载金纳米颗粒-一级适配体偶联物(Au NP-primary aptamer conjugate),作为流动相探针。
  • 检测区:硝酸纤维素膜(nitrocellulose membrane, HFB24004)检测线,固定链霉亲和素-生物素二级适配体复合物(streptavidin-biotinylated secondary aptamer),捕获凝血酶-一级适配体-AuNP 复合物。
  • 质控区:硝酸纤维素膜质控线,固定链霉亲和素-生物素 DNA 探针复合物(streptavidin-biotinylated DNA control probe),通过杂交捕获过量一级适配体-AuNP,验证试纸条有效。
  • 吸收垫:吸收垫(absorption pad),提供毛细驱动力使样品迁移。
  • 信号标记物:约 15 nm 胶体金纳米颗粒(colloidal Au NPs),提供红色光学信号。
  • 稳定/封闭组分:BSA、Tween 20、蔗糖(用于 AuNP-aptamer 分散与减少非特异吸附),运行缓冲液 15×SSC + 1% BSA。

中文摘要

本研究将适配体的高特异性分子识别特性与金纳米颗粒的独特光学性质相结合,开发了一种用于蛋白质定性(目视)/定量检测的干试剂条生物传感器,可在数分钟内完成检测。以凝血酶为模型分析物,并采用一对适配体探针,在传统侧流层析试纸条上验证了概念。该检测避免了当前多数基于适配体的蛋白质分析中多次孵育和洗涤步骤。定性检测通过观察检测区颜色变化实现;定量数据则通过便携式试纸读取器记录检测区光学响应获得。传感器对凝血酶在 5–100 nM 范围内呈线性响应,检出限为 2.5 nM(S/N=3)。通过与抗体基试纸条传感器比较,证明适配体在特异性和灵敏度方面与抗体相当或更优。该传感器成功用于人血浆样品中凝血酶的检测,显示适配体功能化金纳米颗粒探针在干试剂条生物传感器中用于蛋白质即时或现场检测具有良好的应用前景。

英文摘要

The highly specific molecular recognition properties of aptamers are combined with the unique optical properties of gold nanoparticles for the development of a dry-reagent strip biosensor that enables qualitative (visual)/quantitative detection of protein within minutes. A model system comprising thrombin as an analyte and a pair of aptamer probes is used to demonstrate the proof-of-concept on the conventional lateral flow test strip. The assay avoids the multiple incubation and washing steps performed in most current aptamer-based protein analyses. Although qualitative tests are realized by observing the color change of the test zone, quantitative data are obtained by recording the optical responses of the test zone with a portable "strip reader". The response of the biosensor is linear over the range of 5-100 nM of thrombin with a detection limit of 2.5 nM (S/N = 3). By comparing the analytical performances of the aptamer-based strip biosensor with the antibody-based strip sensor, we can demonstrate that aptamers are equivalent or superior to antibodies in terms of specificity and sensitivity, respectively. The sensor was used successfully for detection of thrombin in human plasma samples. It shows great promise for use of aptamer-functionalized gold nanoparticle probes in dry-reagent strip biosensors for point-of-care or in-field detection of proteins.

关键词

适配体金纳米颗粒侧流层析凝血酶干试剂条生物传感器