全细胞生物传感器 2008

Quantitative high-throughput screening using a live-cell cAMP assay identifies small-molecule agonists of the TSH receptor.

Journal of biomolecular screening Titus S, Neumann S, Zheng W, Southall N, Michael S, Klumpp C, Yasgar A, Shinn P, Thomas CJ, Inglese J, Gershengorn MC, Austin CP
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组成图示

Quantitative high-throughput screenin... 传感器构成示意图

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传感器类型

全细胞生物传感器

检测对象

甲状腺刺激素(TSH)、TSH受体小分子激动剂(TSHR agonists);样品基质:DMSO化合物库溶液/细胞培养体系

检测原理

TSH或候选小分子激动剂与HEK293细胞膜上的TSHR结合后,受体优先偶联Gs蛋白并激活腺苷酸环化酶,使胞内cAMP水平升高。升高的cAMP与细胞内共表达的修饰CNG阳离子通道结合,使其开放,Ca2+和Na+内流导致细胞膜去极化。膜电位染料随膜电位变化产生荧光强度改变,由荧光酶标仪在激发535 nm、发射590 nm下读取。信号随TSHR激动剂浓度升高而增强,通过多浓度滴定可获得浓度-响应曲线和EC50。CNG通道将cAMP变化转换为离子流,实现信号放大;RO 20-1724抑制磷酸二酯酶,减少cAMP降解,提高检测灵敏度。

检测灵敏度

TSH EC50: 1.40 nM (95% confidence interval [CI = 2.48-4.62 nM])

效应效果

微型化1536孔检测中,TSH EC50为1.40 nM(95% CI=2.48–4.62 nM),与96孔法3.89 nM相近;DMSO板信噪比2.5、CV 6.3%、Z′ 0.83。73,180个化合物qHTS平均信噪比2.01、CV 12.1%、Z′ 0.4,约5%板Z′<0.2需复筛。初筛1012个活性化合物(1.4%),经父代细胞和CRE信号通路反筛排除假阳性后保留210个真实活性(0.29%),含19个结构簇和144个单点。95个优选化合物中49个在HTRF cAMP正交检测中确认TSHR激动活性,且在父代细胞中无活性。代表性化合物EC50为1.70–10.1 μM,10 μM时最大响应46.6%–69.8%。作者认为该全细胞cAMP生物传感器可同板筛选激动剂、变构调节剂和拮抗剂,并首次通过HTS获得小分子TSHR激动剂,可作为化学探针和药物优化起点。

传感器的构成

  • 细胞培养基底:黑色透明底1536孔组织培养处理板(Greiner Bio-One),承载细胞并支持荧光底读。
  • 全细胞识别元件:稳定表达TSHR的HEK293细胞(ACT:One TSHR细胞),识别TSH或TSHR小分子激动剂。
  • 信号转导元件:细胞内Gs-腺苷酸环化酶-cAMP通路,TSHR激活后升高胞内cAMP。
  • 生物传感器通道:修饰的环核苷酸门控阳离子通道(CNG channel),与cAMP结合后开放并引起Ca2+/Na+内流。
  • 信号标记物:膜电位染料(membrane potential dye,BD Biosciences),响应膜去极化产生荧光。
  • 辅助稳定剂:磷酸二酯酶抑制剂RO 20-1724(50 μM),抑制cAMP降解以增强信号。
  • 读出仪器:Envision荧光酶标仪(PerkinElmer),激发535/20 nm、发射590/20 nm读取荧光。

中文摘要

甲状腺刺激素(TSH)受体属于7次跨膜受体糖蛋白激素受体亚家族,主要表达于甲状腺滤泡细胞,受TSH激活后调控滤泡细胞生长与功能。重组TSH用于甲状腺癌诊断筛查,但目前尚无选择性小分子TSHR激动剂。为筛选新型TSHR激动剂,作者将商品化细胞基环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)检测法微型化至1536孔板。该检测使用稳定转染TSHR并共表达环核苷酸门控离子通道(CNG)的HEK293细胞作为生物传感器。对73,180个化合物进行定量高通量筛选,并与不含TSHR的父代细胞平行对照,获得276个初筛活性化合物。随后采用正交的均相时间分辨荧光(HTRF)cAMP检测法确认活性。最终在多个结构类别中确认49个化合物为小分子TSHR激动剂,可作为化学优化及甲状腺生理与疾病研究的起点。

英文摘要

The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; thyrotropin) receptor belongs to the glycoprotein hormone receptor subfamily of 7-transmembrane spanning receptors. TSH receptor (TSHR) is expressed mainly in thyroid follicular cells and is activated by TSH, which regulates the growth and function of thyroid follicular cells. Recombinant TSH is used in diagnostic screens for thyroid cancer, especially in patients after thyroid cancer surgery. Currently, no selective small-molecule agonists of the TSHR are available. To screen for novel TSHR agonists, the authors miniaturized a commercially available cell-based cyclic adenosine 3',5' monophosphate (cAMP) assay into a 1536-well plate format. This assay uses an HEK293 cell line stably transfected with the TSHR coupled to a cyclic nucleotide gated ion channel as a biosensor. From a quantitative high-throughput screen of 73,180 compounds in parallel with a parental cell line (without the TSHR), 276 primary active compounds were identified. The activities of the selected active compounds were further confirmed in an orthogonal homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence cAMP-based assay. Forty-nine compounds in several structural classes have been confirmed as the small-molecule TSHR agonists that will serve as a starting point for chemical optimization and studies of thyroid physiology in health and disease.

关键词

甲状腺刺激素受体TSHR激动剂cAMP生物传感器全细胞检测高通量筛选膜电位染料