组成图示
示意图生成中
传感器类型
综述或非传感器论文
检测对象
ATP(三磷酸腺苷,ATP);样品基质:细胞培养体系/细胞裂解液(HeLa细胞、小鼠原代皮层/海马神经元)
检测原理
该机制以ATP为能量信号。生理ATP水平下,ATP结合hsp90并增强hsp90与CIN的结合;CIN-hsp90复合物抑制CIN磷酸酶活性,使cofilin维持Ser3磷酸化状态。ATP耗竭或hsp90抑制剂17AAG竞争ATP结合口袋时,CIN-hsp90复合物减少,CIN活性增强,将p-cofilin去磷酸化为cofilin。去磷酸化cofilin与actin结合并组装成棒状聚集体,可用荧光或免疫染色观察。因此,ATP浓度下降导致p-cofilin减少、cofilin-actin棒形成增加,形成细胞内能量应激的放大与读出。
检测灵敏度
原文未报告LOD、线性范围、灵敏度斜率或相关系数。
效应效果
本文未构建人工传感器,但报告细胞内ATP感应模块表现。CIN过表达加速ATP耗竭后p-cofilin去磷酸化,siRNA敲低CIN延迟p-cofilin周转;17AAG使约80%cofilin去磷酸化,8 h后27%cofilin-GFP HeLa细胞形成棒状聚集体,CIN敲低抑制该效应。原代神经元中,ATP耗竭30 min使rod形成达峰,CIN敲低降低rod index和rod形成细胞比例;ATP恢复后rod快速解聚,24 h后39%神经元出现持续rod,CIN敲低主要影响初始形成,未显著改变细胞活力。作者认为该机制将ATP应激与actin/cofilin病理聚集耦合,可能解释AD等病变。
传感器的构成
- 基底/换能器:不适用(细胞内分子机制,无电极或基底)
- 识别元件:hsp90分子伴侣,结合ATP并调控CIN活性
- 识别元件:chronophin(CIN)磷酸酶,去磷酸化cofilin Ser3
- 信号元件:p-cofilin/cofilin磷酸化状态转换,驱动actin重组
- 读出/效应:cofilin-actin棒状聚集体,经荧光或免疫染色观察
中文摘要
肌动蛋白及其关键调控组分cofilin在能量应激神经元中共同形成大型棒状聚集体;此类包涵体在阿尔茨海默病脑组织中富集,也见于神经退行性转基因模型。能量耗竭和/或氧化应激等神经元损伤会先引起细胞cofilin池快速去磷酸化,随后组装成棒状包涵体。尽管这些事件提示磷酸酶参与cofilin棒形成,但连接能量应激、磷酸化cofilin周转与棒状组装的机制长期不明。本文证明cofilin磷酸酶chronophin(CIN)与分子伴侣hsp90之间存在ATP敏感相互作用,二者形成一种生物传感器样模块,介导cofilin/actin棒形成。结果支持如下模型:ATP耗竭时CIN与hsp90相互作用减弱,增强CIN依赖的cofilin去磷酸化,并促进后续棒状组装,从而为神经退行性能量通量过程中病理性actin/cofilin聚集体的形成提供机制。
英文摘要
Actin and its key regulatory component, cofilin, are found together in large rod-shaped assemblies in neurons subjected to energy stress. Such inclusions are also enriched in Alzheimer's disease brain, and appear in transgenic models of neurodegeneration. Neuronal insults, such as energy loss and/or oxidative stress, result in rapid dephosphorylation of the cellular cofilin pool prior to its assembly into rod-shaped inclusions. Although these events implicate a role for phosphatases in cofilin rod formation, a mechanism linking energy stress, phosphocofilin turnover, and subsequent rod assembly has been elusive. We demonstrate the ATP-sensitive interaction of the cofilin phosphatase chronophin (CIN) with the chaperone hsp90 to form a biosensor that mediates cofilin/actin rod formation. Our results suggest a model whereby attenuated interactions between CIN and hsp90 during ATP depletion enhance CIN-dependent cofilin dephosphorylation and consequent rod assembly, thereby providing a mechanism for the formation of pathological actin/cofilin aggregates during neurodegenerative energy flux.