比色生物传感器 2009

Covalent immobilization of Drosophila acetylcholinesterase for biosensor applications.

Biotechnology and applied biochemistry Barshan-Tashnizi M, Ahmadian S, Niknam K, Torabi SF, Ranaei-Siadat SO
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组成图示

Covalent immobilization of Drosophila... 传感器构成示意图

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传感器类型

比色生物传感器

检测对象

对氧磷(paraoxon,有机磷抑制剂);样品基质:PBS/磷酸盐缓冲液(模拟土壤或食品提取液)

检测原理

固定化果蝇AChE作为识别元件,催化底物ATCh水解生成thiocholine;thiocholine与DTNB(Ellman试剂)反应生成黄色5-巯基-2-硝基苯酚,在412 nm产生吸光度。当样品中存在对氧磷(paraoxon)时,其磷酸化AChE活性位点丝氨酸,使酶催化活性下降,ATCh水解减少,显色产物减少,412 nm吸光度降低。吸光度变化与paraoxon浓度相关,在0.1 nM–0.1 μM范围内近似线性。珍珠岩多孔结构可控制底物与抑制剂传质,提高固定化酶稳定性和抑制曲线线性。

检测灵敏度

线性范围: 0.1 nM–0.1 μM;可溶 AChE: y = 30.158 · log(x) + 290.68, r2 = 0.843;固定化 AChE: y = 24.634 · log(x) + 256.87, r2 = 0.969

效应效果

固定化AChE保留70%以上活性,比活26238 μmol·min−1·mg−1,Km 0.088 mM,与可溶酶0.081 mM相近。热失活半衰期在50°C和60°C分别为10.4±1.0和5.3±0.5 min,为可溶酶的8.7和17.7倍;20%乙腈和4 M尿素中半衰期提高1.7和2.7倍。操作稳定性方面,16次连续批次循环后保留80%初始活性,20次重复使用后仍保持70%以上;4°C储存6个月保留85%以上。对paraoxon在>1 pM出现抑制,0.1 nM–0.1 μM线性更好(r2=0.969)。作者认为该低成本珍珠岩固定化酶可作为农药/有机磷生物传感器候选。

传感器的构成

  • 基底/载体:perlite(珍珠岩,多孔铝硅酸盐/硅基质,提供多孔载体与固定化位点)
  • 表面活化层:APTS(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane,硅烷化引入表面氨基)
  • 交联活化层:glutaraldehyde(戊二醛,双功能交联剂连接酶)
  • 识别元件:Drosophila melanogaster AChE(果蝇乙酰胆碱酯酶,催化底物水解并受有机磷抑制)
  • 底物/显色体系:ATCh(acetylthiocholine)与DTNB(Ellman试剂,酶催化产生412 nm有色产物)
  • 封闭/洗涤层:glycine(甘氨酸,封闭未反应醛基);Tween 20/NaCl(去除非特异吸附)
  • 读出层:spectrophotometry at 412 nm(412 nm比色读数)

中文摘要

本研究将编码果蝇乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的cDNA亚克隆至pENTR/D-TOPO载体,经杆状病毒表达系统在大肠... 不,Sf9昆虫细胞中表达,纯化酶比活为36374 μmol·min−1·mg−1。酶通过硅烷化和戊二醛处理共价固定于预活化珍珠岩(多孔硅基质)上。固定化酶保留了70%以上活性,比活为26238 μmol·min−1·mg−1,并显著提高热稳定性(50和60°C下分别为可溶酶的8.7和17.7倍)、尿素稳定性(2.7倍)和乙腈稳定性(1.7倍)。动力学显示固定化酶Km为0.088 mM,与可溶酶0.081 mM相近。固定化酶在16次连续反应器批次循环后仍保留80%初始活性。对有机磷抑制剂对氧磷(paraoxon)的抑制实验表明,固定化使抑制曲线在0.1 nM–0.1 μM范围内线性更好。

英文摘要

The synthesized cDNA coding for AChE (acetylcholinesterase) was subcloned in pENTR/D-TOPO plasmid and expressed using baculovirus expression vector and Sf9 insect cells as host. Purified enzyme (specific activity 36374 micromol x min(-1) x mg(-1)) was immobilized on pre-activated perlite (a porous silica matrix) by silanization and glutaraldehyde treatment. The total enzyme immobilized was then measured, and total and specific activity of immobilized AChE was compared with that of soluble enzyme. Using this perlite support not only resulted in a great amount of maintained immobilized enzyme activity (more than 70%, specific activity 26238 micromolx min(-1) x mg(-1)), but also significantly improved stability against temperature (8.7- and 17.7-fold at 50 and 60 degrees C respectively), urea (2.7-fold) and acetonitrile (1.7-fold). Kinetic studies showed that the K(m) value for immobilized enzyme is very similar to the soluble one (0.088 and 0.081 mM respectively). In addition, immobilized enzymes retained 80% of their initial activity after 16 consecutive reactor batch cycles. A comparison of the inhibitory effect of paraoxon on soluble and immobilized AChE showed that immobilization increased the linearity of the inhibition plot particularly in the range 0.1 nM-0.1 microM.

关键词

乙酰胆碱酯酶固定化珍珠岩对氧磷生物传感器有机磷